After successfully completing this activity, the learner will be able to:

• Assess the current state of his or her knowledge of fundamental and subspecialty anesthesia topics and identify knowledge gaps
• Develop a strategy to address identified gaps using resources provided as references within the program
• Utilize enhanced knowledge in clinical practice

This activity is intended for physician anesthesiologists, anesthesiologist assistants, and other members of the anesthesia care team.

CONTRIBUTORS

Joel O. Johnson, MD, PhD
ACE Co-Editor-in-Chief
Madison, Wisconsin

Stacy L. Jones, MD, MHA, FASA
ACE Co-Editor-in-Chief
Little Rock, Arkansas

Edwin A. Bowe, MD, FACA
Lexington, Kentucky

Kallol Chaudhuri, MD, PhD
Lubbock, Texas

Jeremy S. Dority, MD
Lexington, Kentucky

Richard P. Dutton, MD, MBA, FASA
Dallas, Texas

Susan S. Eagle, MD
Nashville, Tennessee

Bhargavi Gali, MD
Rochester, Minnesota

Jennifer M. Hah, MD
Stanford, California

W. Scott Jellish, MD, PhD
Maywood, Illinois

Dan J. Kopacz, MD
Colorado Springs, Colorado

Christopher J. Lace, MD, MBA
Denver, Colorado

Gary E. Loyd, MD, MMM
Royal Oak, Michigan

Jeffrey K. Lu, MD
Salt Lake City, Utah

Vidya T. Raman, MD, MBA, FAAP, FASA
Columbus, Ohio

Johannes W. Steyn, MD
Nicholasville, Kentucky

David A. Young, MD, MBA, MEd, FASA 
Houston, Texas

REVIEWERS

Katie Monroe, CAA, PhD
Decatur, Georgia

Deborah A. Rusy, MD, MBA, FASA
Madison, Wisconsin

Megan L. Varellas, CAA
Asheville, North Carolina

Stacie Wong, MD
Vidalia, Georgia

ASA Staff: Ginger Clark, Managing Editor

Resolution of Conflicts of Interest: ASA remains strongly committed to providing the best available evidence-based clinical information to participants of this educational activity and requires an open disclosure of any potential conflict of interest identified by our faculty members. It is not the intent of ASA to eliminate all situations of potential conflict of interest, but rather to enable those who are working with ASA to recognize situations that may be subject to question by others. All disclosed conflicts of interest are reviewed by the educational activity course director/chair to ensure that such situations are properly evaluated and, if necessary, resolved. ASA educational standards pertaining to conflict of interest are intended to maintain the professional autonomy of the clinical experts inherent in promoting a balanced presentation of science. Through our review process, all ASA activities are ensured of independent, objective, scientifically balanced presentations of information. Disclosure of any or no relationships will be made available for all educational activities.

All faculty, planners, and staff have reported no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

Internet connection and Web browser (Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, or Safari, updated within the last 3 years). The program may be completed on the ASA My Learning app; however, a computer and Web browser are required for printing a CME certificate.