After successfully completing this activity, the learner will be able to:

• Explain emerging concepts in anesthesia practice, as presented in the current literature.
• Discuss the impact of emerging research on clinical practice.
• Utilize this information to enhance his or her practice.

This activity is intended for anesthesiologists, anesthesiology residents, and members of the anesthesia care team.

SEE Editorial Board (SEE Volume 36A)
Wade A. Weigel, MD, FASA, Editor-in-Chief
Seattle, Washington

Laurence Torsher, MD, Medical Editor
Rochester, Minnesota

Christopher Burkle, MD, JD
Rochester, Minnesota

Destiny F. Chau, MD
Norfolk, Virginia

Bianca M. Conti, MD
Baltimore, Maryland

M. Denise Daley, MD
Houston, Texas

Natalie F. Holt, MD, MPH
Aberdeen, South Dakota

Robert L. Hsiung, MD, FASA
Seattle, Washington

Norma J. Klein, MD
Sacramento, California

Amy Robertson, MD
Nashville, Tennessee

Naileshni S. Singh, MD
Sacramento, California

SEE Editorial Board (SEE Volume 36B)

Wade A. Weigel, MD, FASA, Editor-in-Chief 
Seattle, Washington

Christopher Burkle, MD, JD, Medical Editor 
Rochester, Minnesota

Destiny F. Chau, MD
Little Rock, Arkansas

Gloria Cheng, MD
Dallas, Texas

Bianca M. Conti, MD 
Baltimore, Maryland

M. Denise Daley, MD 
Houston, Texas

Neil A. Hanson, MD
Charlottesville, Virginia

Natalie F. Holt, MD, MPH 
Aberdeen, South Dakota

Norma J. Klein, MD 
Sacramento, California

Amy Robertson, MD 
Nashville, Tennessee

Naileshni S. Singh, MD
Sacramento, California

Task Force Members (SEE Volume 36A)
Philip Bailey, Jr, DO
Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania

J. Kyle Bohman, MD
Rochester, Minnesota

Alyssa B. Brzenski, MD
San Diego, California

Jean Charchaflieh, MD, DrPH
New Haven, Connecticut

Gloria Cheng, MD
Dallas, Texas

Sung “Jason” Chi, MD
Mountain View, California

Jarva Chow, MD
Chicago, Illinois

Dawn Dillman, MD
Portland, Oregon

Richard P. Dutton, MD, MBA, FASA
Dallas, Texas

John H. Eisenach, MD
Westminster, Colorado

Regina Y. Fragneto, MD, FASA
Georgetown, Kentucky

Vijay K. Gaba, MD, FASA
Fargo, North Dakota

Meera Gangadharan, MB, BS
Corpus Christi, Texas

Mary Beth Gibbons, MD
Covington, Kentucky

Ronald J. Gordon, MD, PhD
San Diego, California

Karla M. Greco, MD
Exeter, New Hampshire

Mary Ann Gurkowski, MD, FASA
San Antonio, Texas

Neil A. Hanson, MD
Seattle, Washington

Michael E. Harned, MD
Lexington, Kentucky

Latha Hebbar, MD
Mount Pleasant, South Carolina

Kristyn B. Ingram, MD
El Paso, Texas

Todd M. Kor, MD
Rochester, Minnesota

Gregg A. Korbon, MD
Charlottesville, Virginia

Michael Kushelev, MD
Columbus, Ohio

Mathew Malkin, MD
Sacramento, California

Jeffrey McLaren, MD
Seattle, Washington

Alexander Nagrebetsky, MD, MSc
Boston, Massachusetts

Vanessa A. Olbrecht, MD
Newport, Kentucky

Karl A. Poterack, MD
Phoenix, Arizona

Aaron N. Primm, MD
New York, New York

Bridget P. Pulos, MD
Rochester, Minnesota

Muhammad B. Rafique, MB, BS, FASA
Elkhorn, Nebraska

Annette Rebel, MD, FASA
Nicholasville, Kentucky

Babak Roboubi, MD
Bethesda, Maryland

Barbara Rogers, MD
Powell, Ohio

Rachel M. Sloan, MD
Brookhaven, Georgia

Alex T. Suginaka, DO
Stillwater, Minnesota

Jon Y. Zhou, MD
Elk Grove, California

TASK FORCE MEMBERS (SEE 36B)

Philip Bailey Jr, DO
Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania

J. Kyle Bohman, MD
Rochester, Minnesota

Victoria A. Bradford, MD, MBA
Lexington, Kentucky

Alyssa B. Brzenski, MD
San Diego, California

Jean Charchaflieh, MD, DrPH
New Haven, Connecticut

Sung "Jason" Chi, MD
Mountain View, California

Jarva Chow, MD
Chicago, Illinois

Arsia Jared Dabiri, MD
Austin, Texas

Dawn Dillman, MD
Portland, Oregon

Richard P. Dutton, MD, MBA, FASA
Dallas, Texas

John H. Eisenach, MD
Westminster, Colorado

Regina Y. Fragneto, MD, FASA
Georgetown, Kentucky

Vijay K. Gaba, MD, FASA
Fargo, North Dakota

Meera Gangadharan, MB, BS
Corpus Christi, Texas

Mary Beth Gibbons, MD
Covington, Kentucky

Ronald J. Gordon, MD, PhD
San Diego, California

Karla M. Greco, MD
Exeter, New Hampshire

Mary Ann Gurkowski, MD, FASA
San Antonio, Texas

Latha Hebbar, MD
Mount Pleasant, South Carolina

Robert L. Hsiung, MD, FASA
Seattle, Washington

Kristyn B. Ingram, MD
El Paso, Texas

Michael Kushelev, MD
Columbus, Ohio

Andrea W. Martineau, MD
Norfolk, Virginia

Jeffrey McLaren, MD
Seattle, Washington

Vanessa A. Olbrecht, MD
Newport, Kentucky

Nathan L. Pace, MD, MStat
Salt Lake City, Utah

Aaron N. Primm, MD, FASA
New York, New York

Muhammad B. Rafique, MB, BS, FASA
Omaha, Nebraska

Annette Rebel, MD, FASA
Nicholasville, Kentucky

Babak Roboubi, MD
Bethesda, Maryland

Barbara Rogers, MD, FASA
Powell, Ohio

Elizabeth A. Steele, MD
Corvallis, Oregon

Alex T. Suginaka, DO
Stillwater, Minnesota

Laurence Torsher, MD 
Rochester, Minnesota

Jon Y. Zhou, MD
Elk Grove, California

ASA Staff: Kari L. Lee, Senior Managing Editor; Ginger Clark, Managing Editor; Rachel Winokur, Editor; Mark Grant, MD, PhD, Senior Methodologist

The American Society of Anesthesiologists remains strongly committed to providing the best available evidence-based clinical information to participants of this educational activity and requires an open disclosure of any potential conflict of interest identified by our faculty members. It is not the intent of the American Society of Anesthesiologists to eliminate all situations of potential conflict of interest, but rather to enable those who are working with the American Society of Anesthesiologists to recognize situations that may be subject to question by others. All disclosed conflicts of interest are reviewed by the educational activity course director/chair to ensure that such situations are properly evaluated and, if necessary, resolved. The American Society of Anesthesiologists educational standards pertaining to conflict of interest are intended to maintain the professional autonomy of the clinical experts inherent in promoting a balanced presentation of science. Through our review process, all American Society of Anesthesiologists accredited activities are ensured of independent, objective, scientifically balanced presentations of information. Disclosure of any or no relationships will be made available for all educational activities.

The following SEE faculty and staff have reported the following relevant financial relationships with commercial interests:

SEE 36A

Ginger Clark
Merck & Co, Inc—Equity Position (self)

Mark Grant, MD, PhD
Illumina Inc—Equity Position (self)

Michael E. Harned, MD
Abbott—Honoraria (self)
Medtronic—Honoraria (self)
Nevro Corp—Funded Research (self)
Vertos Medical Inc—Funded Research (self)

Jon Y. Zhou, MD
Avanos Medical—Consulting Fees (self)

SEE 36B

Ginger Clark
Merck & Co, Inc—Equity Position (self)

Richard P. Dutton, MD, MBA, FASA
Merck & Co, Inc—Consulting Fees (self)

Mark Grant, MD, PhD
Illumina Inc—Equity Position (self)

Jon Y. Zhou, MD
Avanos Medical—Consulting Fees (self) 


All other planners, faculty, and staff members have disclosed no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests.

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