The international symposium will be targeted on approved products and those in the pipeline, with new attention to the plasma, clotting, and platelet functions of blood and how to mimic them, so that the survival from trauma and acute hemorrhage, when blood is either unavailable or not an option, will be maximized. It will foster crucial dialogue between academic scientists and researchers, developers of novel resuscitation and oxygenation/anemia/coagulation strategies, Department of Defense and NIH funding sources, and regulatory agencies, to create successful pathways for development and regulatory approval.